Jigsaw

Social Studies Chapter 8: Teaching Civic Education Kelly Morgan, Melissa Rubeo and Courtney Rouzer  Outline:  1. Meaning of Citizenship  a.  The three conceptions of a “good citizen” are: personally responsible, participatory, and justice-oriented.  b.  Personally responsible citizens show honesty, integrity, respect and compassion. They pay taxes, obey laws, vote and work hard in the community.  c.  Participatory citizens are active members who participates in the civic affairs and social life of the community at the local, state and national levels.  d.  Justice-oriented citizen critically assesses social, political, and economic structures and then takes social action to redress in justice.  e.  On the whole, about 2 out of 3 American student’s grades 4, 8, and 12 have at least a basic knowledge of civics. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 2. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Classroom Civic Education <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The three goals for all students to become effective citizens are: <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> i.   <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Goal one: citizens are informed, thoughtful and have knowledge of our system of government. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> ii. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Goal two: citizens are committed to their communities. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> iii. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Goal three: citizens participate in civic affairs while having concern, tolerance and respect for others. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Civic education takes places all day inside and outside of the classroom. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> c.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">At all grade levels, students should be involved with making the classroom rules. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> d.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Students should be taught that rules and laws change or that new ones are needed in order to fit current situations. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> e.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Class meetings give students a voice and are an essential strategy for decision making. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> f.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Some sort of conflict resolution program should be implemented in the school. Administration and a selected group of students are trained to help others solve their problems. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 3. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Instruction in Civic Education <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">In order to encourage civic education congress mandated that all schools who receive federal monies must hold an educational program pertaining to the U.S. Constitution on September 17th of each year. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Formal instruction helps increase civic knowledge, which would lead students to engage in future adult participation in the political process. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 4. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Current Events/Current Affairs <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Current events need to be discussed in class in order for students to be aware of what’s happening in the world. This will allow them to vote and make intelligent decisions. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">In order for students to keep up with current events they should be encouraged to bring in newspaper articles to discuss in class. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> c.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Ideally as the students grow older they should use more adult sources of information such as //The New York Times// and the //Wall Street Journal//. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 5. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Teaching Controversial Issues <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">These issues should only be discussed if they are appropriate to the subject area and the school districts guidelines. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">There should be rules when discussing controversial issues and the students need to understand them and abide by them. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> c.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Although views may be presented no one should be put down or made fun of by their peers for their views. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 6. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Linking Schoolwide citizenship to the Community <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Service learning is the integration of community service with academic learning. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> i.   <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">It can improve academic achievement, meet real community needs, promote seeing the problem as an issue and improve self-esteem of the students. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> ii. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Service learning should be something that is done over a period of time and should include several hours of work. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Community service is giving back to the local community. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> i.   <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Associated with charity and is considered volunteer work. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> ii. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">It is not necessarily tied with school work. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 7. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Teaching Global Education <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Global education emphasis the cultures and people of other lands. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Multiculturalism deals with racial and ethnic diversity in the U.S.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> c.   <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Globalization is the growing integration of economies and societies around the world. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> i.   <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Driven by international trade and investment and is aided by improved information technology. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> ii. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Deeply controversial. <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Multiple Choice: <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 1. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Which of the following is NOT considered a conception of a “good citizen”? <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Personally Responsible <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Participatory <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> c.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Justice-oriented <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> d.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Honesty <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 2. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Civic Education takes place when in the classroom? <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">All day long <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Only during social studies lessons <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> c.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Only during lunchtime <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> d.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">During morning meeting <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 3. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">On which date do all schools that receive federal monies need to hold an educational program pertaining to the U.S. Constitution? <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">a. September 11 <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">b. September 17 <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">c. January 19 <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">d. February 16 <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 4. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Which current issues and events need to be discussed in classrooms? <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">a. local <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">b. national <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">c. international <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">d. all of the above <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 5. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Controversial issues should only be discussed _____________. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> a.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">If the teacher says that he/she wants to discuss them <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> b.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">If they are appropriate to subject area and school guidelines <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> c.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">When the teacher wants <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> d.  <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">When appropriate, but not connecting to subject matter <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Answers: <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 1. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">D <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 2. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">A <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 3. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">B <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 4. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">D <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 5. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">B <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Three Short Answer: <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 1. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">What is one strategy for handling conflict in the classroom? <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 2. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Besides conflict management, classroom meetings, and classroom citizenship, some parents and curriculum planners want more direct education for teaching values of American democracy. What are the values of American democracy? <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 3. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">How is schoolwide citizenship linked to the community? <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Answers: <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 1. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">One strategy would be to have the children write a letter when they are in a disagreement with another student. This provides a cooling down period and allows the teacher to react to the situation. Another strategy is to implement a conflict resolution program where a group of trained students assist other students who are involved in the disagreement. A final strategy is to discuss the issue as a whole class during a class meeting. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 2. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The values of American democracy are: <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">1. Individual rights to life, liberty, property, and the pursuit of happiness <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">2. The public or common good <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">3. Justice <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">4. Equality of opportunity <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">5. Diversity <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">6. Truth <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">7. Patriotism <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 3. <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Children can show their schoolwide citizenship to the community through service learning and community service. Service learning can meet real community needs and improve self-esteem. Community service is giving back to the local community and is not necessarily tied with school work. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">Two suggested instructional strategies: <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 1. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The first instructional strategy deals with the conflict resolution. When using the writing letter technique the students develop better writing skills because they are using those skills in order to express their feelings. They also develop reasoning skills because they will become better at reasoning with others by literally seeing what the problem is and then coming up with a solution to the problem. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> 2. <span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif';">The second instructional strategy deals with the classroom meetings. These meetings allow the students to have a voice in school government by enabling them to voice their opinion freely during this time. This also models for the students proper decision making techniques which will enrich their skills as a decision maker.
 * <span style="display: block; font-size: 130%; color: #f00a0a; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive; background-color: #140f0f; text-align: center;">Jigsaw Mini Lecture Project **

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